Read Ruth 1:7–9

As an author crafts a story, deliberate choices are made. It’s almost like standing behind a video camera—deciding exactly what the audience will see in each frame. When needed, the camera pulls back for a wide, “establishing shot” to provide setting and context and summarized background. That is what we found in the opening verses of the book of Ruth.

But to help readers experience the characters and feel their emotions, the author “zooms in” for a close-up. Characters are described in more detail. We see their actions and body language and idiosyncrasies. We listen to dialogue that moves the action and exposes motivation.

Today’s passage is the first of many “close-up scenes” in the book of Ruth. Naomi and her two daughters- in-law had left Moab and began the journey back to Bethlehem. The author doesn’t reveal whether the women had discussed this arrangement prior to their departure. Suddenly Naomi stopped them in their tracks and expressed second thoughts. Perhaps the journey had given her time to see the situation from Ruth and Orpah’s perspective. The two young widows were leaving their home just as Naomi had done during the famine. She knew what struggles and loneliness they would face, and she intended to spare them additional pain. She told them to return to their “mother’s home” (v. 8). It is interesting that she used “mother’s” rather than “father’s”—since their fathers would have been their primary source of provision and protection.

Then, Naomi pronounced a blessing on the young widows (v. 9). She asked Yahweh to shower hesed on the women, just as they had already shown hesed to her and their husbands. It couldn’t have been easy for Naomi to send them home. Their departure would seal her lonesome fate. But releasing them was Naomi’s own act of hesed—even in her grief.

Go Deeper

What does this passage reveal about Naomi’s character? Have you ever had to make a similar decision?

Pray with Us

O Lord, when we face difficult circumstances, help us to extend love to others like Naomi did. We desire to put others first and trust You no matter our circumstances.

The LORD bless you and keep you; the LORD make his face shine on you and be gracious to you.Numbers 6:24–25

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Read Ruth 1:6

Hesed is a beautiful and complex Hebrew concept that no single English word can fully convey. It is a multi-faceted relational term, encompassing the ideas of loyalty, faithfulness, goodness, mercy, and love. While hesed presumes emotion, it is primarily an action. Hesed acts to address an urgent need for the recipient. A more powerful person will often act on behalf of a situationally helpless beneficiary.

Of course, God is the source and primary demonstrator of hesed, but the word is also used in Scripture to describe uncommon human love. We pause here because hesed will become a major theme throughout the narrative. Verses 1–5 have already established the setting of the book of Ruth. We have met the initial cast of characters and learned the central dramatic question: Will Naomi be redeemed? These verses left Naomi in the most desperate state—alone and destitute in an alien land.

Then, verse 6 brings a hint of hope. A hint of hesed. Today we are focusing on this key verse—the first place in the book where we see God’s care and lovingkindness at work. It is precisely in Naomi’s moment of deepest despair that important news reached her. The Lord had provided for His people back in Bethlehem. This is the first time Yahweh is mentioned in the story, and His hesed character is on full display. He had not forgotten His people. Since no repentance on the part of Israel is mentioned, this act of covenantal love is best understood as a gracious gift.

Naomi’s response to this good news was decisive. She immediately prepared to return to her home. The Hebrew word for “return” can carry the connotation of restoration and recovery, hinting at the further blessing that God had in store. Naomi’s daughters-in-law, Ruth and Orpah, joined her travel preparation without any documented discussion.

Go Deeper

When did you first hear the news of God’s hesed love? How did you respond?

Pray with Us

God, we thank You for Your provision in our lives. You give us blessings because of Your love, not because of anything we have done to earn them.

Because of the LORD’s great love we are not consumed, for his compassions never fail.Lamentations 3:22

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Read Ruth 1:3–5

Many of us have experienced a season of “cumulative grief.” When one loss—of a loved one, a job, our health, our security—follows closely on the heels of another loss, the emotional burden is compounded, making it harder to heal.

In Ruth 1:3–5, we read about Naomi’s painful season of loss upon loss. Some commentators have called her the “female Job.” She lost the security of basic provisions and then her home in Bethlehem. She was living in a foreign, unfriendly land. Then she lost her husband—her partner and provider (v. 3).

This tragedy was only eased by the care of her two sons (v. 3) who married Moabite women, providing hope for a new generation (v. 4). Sadly, however, Mahlon and Kilion’s ten-year marriages to Orpah and Ruth were both marked by infertility before both sons also died (v. 5).

At the end of verse 5, the author returns to Naomi who “was left without her two sons and her husband.” We feel her isolation and loneliness. While the author delivers these details in a direct, staccato fashion, the original audience would have understood the devastating implications of Naomi’s situation.

She faced the harsh reality of living her aged years alone. She had lost the provision and protection of her husband and then her sons— perhaps the worst fate for an Israelite woman. There were not even any grandchildren to bring her joy. On top of that, the family of Elimelech faced annihilation. Ancient Israelite culture placed a high value on family lineage, so the loss of a family from existence was a great tragedy. Every good story hinges on a central dramatic question. So, we ask ourselves: Will Naomi be redeemed?

Go Deeper

Have you ever experienced a period of compounded loss? Or perhaps you’ve walked that road with someone else. How did you process that pain? Pray that our time in Ruth will encourage you for such a time.

Pray with Us

Lord, the story of Ruth gives us an example of what it means to suffer loss. As we face grief in our own lives, help us to lean on You, the “God of all comfort” (2 Cor. 1:3).

My splendor is gone and all that I had hoped from the LORD.Lamentations 3:18

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Numbers 2

Read Numbers 2

Marching bands at half-time shows are a wonderful spectacle to behold. Hundreds of musicians move in perfect synchronization, each person knowing exactly where to go. What appears chaotic up close becomes a beautiful, coordinated display when viewed from above. The secret is in everyone following the same conductor, knowing their precise position in the larger formation.

Numbers chapter 2 presents us with God’s magnificent blueprint for organizing His people in the wilderness. After counting the tribes in chapter 1, God now assigns each group their specific position around the tabernacle. This wasn’t arbitrary—it was divine orchestration on a massive scale.

The chapter begins with God’s instruction to Moses and Aaron: “The Israelites are to camp around the tent of meeting some distance from it, each of them under their standard and holding the banners of their family” (v. 2). Picture this: 603,550 men, plus women and children, arranged in perfect order around God’s dwelling place. At the center of this vast human formation stood the tabernacle, with the Levites camping immediately around it as guardians of God’s presence. God dwelt at the center of His people’s lives.

The chapter’s conclusion captures the heart of the passage: “The Israelites did everything the LORD commanded Moses; that is the way they encamped under their standards” (v. 34). We see perfect obedience to God’s detailed instructions.

Just as each tribe had its designated place, God has specific roles for us in His kingdom. Embrace your unique calling, rather than coveting someone else’s assignment.

Go Deeper

The arrangement of the tabernacle wasn’t random. God was to be the focal point around which everything else was organized. Look at your daily priorities and decisions. Do they truly revolve around God’s presence and purposes?

Pray with Us

God, how often we look at others with envy and miss our own purpose and calling. Keep our focus always on You. Help us to listen for Your direction in our life.

The Israelites did everything the LORD commanded Moses.Numbers 2:34

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Read Ruth 1:1–2

The Old Testament book of Ruth reads almost like a play. It has well-crafted dramatic dialogue, compelling characters, and rich imagery. While the story may be familiar to you, during this study we will move slowly through the text, taking time to notice every detail and savor each splendid truth.

As the curtain rises, the unknown author of the book gives some background: “In the days when the judges ruled” (v. 1). His original audience lived during the time of the kings—a more stable and prosperous age. But for them, this opening sentence would have brought to mind the moral and spiritual depravity, which had prevailed in that previous age. The love story of Ruth and Boaz will stand in dramatic relief against the chaotic backdrop.

Next, the author sets the stage by giving us the inciting incident—“there was a famine in the land.” This famine was possibly a punishment for Israel’s disobedience and idolatry. Deuteronomy 28, verse 48 lists “hunger” as one curse God may bring if His people worship other gods.

Then, we are introduced to key characters, including “a man from Bethlehem in Judah,…his wife and two sons” (v. 1). Ironically, the name Bethlehem means “house of bread,” but when there was no longer any bread available, the family had to act. They traveled to Moab to “live for a while” (v. 1). The journey was 50 miles, which would have taken them 7–10 days, a relatively short, but nonetheless dangerous, trip. More concerning was the fact that Moab was an enemy of Israel. Moving to Moab was an unusual, even dangerous decision, no doubt influenced by a desperate situation. In verse 2, the family members are named. It’s important to note that Elimelek means “my god is king,” and Naomi means “beautiful, pleasant, and good.” They were Ephrathites, which will later become deeply significant. No detail is wasted.

Go Deeper

What difficulties in your own life have forced you to take unexpected action? What was the result?

Pray with Us

Dear Lord, as we begin our study in Ruth, open our eyes to see the truths You have given us in Your Word. Use this story to shape how we view the difficulties we face.

Turn, LORD, and deliver me; save me because of your unfailing love.Psalm 6:4

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Read Revelation 22:12–21

In Samuel Beckett’s play, Waiting for Godot, two characters occupy the stage and talk, all the while waiting for the arrival of someone named Godot. He is mentioned from time to time but still has not appeared by the end of the drama. Sometimes we might feel like the two characters in this play—we get tired of waiting. When will Christ return? When will justice and righteousness prevail? When will earthly history come to an end? All we can say is what Christ said in the epilogue to Revelation: “I am coming soon!” (vv. 12–13). No matter what “soon” means, the important truth is that He could return at any time.

Who will get into heaven (vv. 14–15)? Those who “wash their robes,” that is, those who accept God’s offer of salvation in Christ. Who won’t get into heaven? Sinners. This is a stark reminder of what’s at stake in following Christ: our eternal destinies. With the consequences so enormous, following in His steps should be our top priority. The implication is that we should always be living by faith and pursuing righteousness (1 John 3:6–9). If we’re truly saved, our lives will show it.

All who hear the words of this book are invited to “come” to the water of life, to salvation in the Lamb (vv. 16–17). Accepting the invitation will eventually lead to the heavenly New Jerusalem. Christ sent this “testimony”—the book of Revelation—as one more call for people to choose eternal life. Why choose against the Alpha and the Omega?

Readers are also warned not to add or take away from the words of this book (vv. 18–19). God will judge and punish anyone who does so. Yes, He is coming soon (vv. 20–21)! The book’s concluding prayer is ours as well: “Come, Lord Jesus.”

Go Deeper

What have you learned from this month’s study? Consider joining the discussion in our Facebook Today in the Word Devotional group. Also, if you have been blessed by this study, will you consider a gift to support this ministry?

Pray with Us

As we finish this study in Revelation, may the hope of the future remind us how to live in the present. Our lives belong to You, and our future is in Your hands! “Come, Lord Jesus” (Rev. 22:20).

Amen. Come, Lord Jesus.Revelation 22:20

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Read Revelation 22:6–11

Decades ago, Harvard University purchased a copy of the Magna Carta for $27.50 and put it in storage. The Magna Carta is a historic document from 1215 that helped establish human rights and the rule of law, both of which are foundational to democracy. Last year, Harvard unexpectedly discovered that their copy was one of six rare copies from 1300. How did they know it was genuine? They examined the handwriting, the document’s dimensions, the paper, and other features to verify the discovery.

How would John’s readers know his book was genuinely from the Lord and not just the product of an overheated imagination? An angel told John, “These words are trustworthy and true” (v. 6; Rev. 21:5). God Himself had sent the angel to show John and his readers what “must soon take place.” God is the One who inspired the prophets and indeed all Scripture (2 Tim. 3:16). He’s also the One who inspired this apocalypse. No matter how extreme the narrative may sound, everything in this book is as true and trustworthy as the rest of the Bible.

The key theme of Revelation is the imminent return of Christ (v. 7). “Imminent” means that nothing else needs to happen before the rapture of the church. The blessing for obedient readers is also repeated from the start of the book (Rev. 1:3). John validates that the content of the book is indeed what he saw and heard in the visions from God (vv. 8–9). He mentions again how he tried to worship the angelic messenger but was rebuked and told to worship God alone.

This prophecy should not be sealed up (as in Daniel 12:4) but widely proclaimed (vv. 10–11). Why? Because the “time is near.” John lived two thousand years ago, but time is not the same to God as it is to us (2 Peter 3:8–9).

Go Deeper

Indeed the “time is near”! Do we live as if it is? If Christ were to rapture His church tomorrow, what might you do differently today?

Pray with Us

We thank You, Lord, for Your inspired Word that communicates Your truth to us. We believe that what You have spoken to us is “trustworthy and true” (Rev. 22:6).

These words are trustworthy and true.Revelation 22:6

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Read Revelation 22:1–5

In 1997, musician and writer Michael Card released an album Unveiled Hope, based on the book of Revelation. Titles of songs on this album include reminders of themes we’ve encountered in our devotional study this month, such as “To the Overcomers,” “You Are Worthy,” and “The Dragon.” One of my favorite songs is “The New Jerusalem,” drawn from Revelation 21–22.

At the start of Revelation’s final chapter, John recaps and expands his description of the New Jerusalem. In this city, there is a river of the water of life flowing from God’s throne (vv. 1–2). Salvation is a reality we’ll experience fully and always in this place. And not only as individuals: The leaves of the tree of life will bring about the “healing of the nations.” That tree, last seen in Eden, will bear fruit monthly.

The curse (Genesis 3) and the realities of the fallen world we live in today will be utterly gone (vv.  3–4). God will dwell directly with His people, with no barriers in between. We’ll “see his face.” Fellowship with Him will be intimate and unhindered. We as His servants will serve (also translated “worship”) Him, meaning in part that we’ll have meaningful things to do—as opposed to the stereotype that we’ll be sitting around on clouds strumming harps. His name will be on our foreheads, graciously marking us as members of His eternal family. The 144,000 Jewish evangelists similarly will have the Father’s and Lamb’s names written on their foreheads (Rev. 14:1).

In the heavenly New Jerusalem, there will be no darkness or night (v. 5). God will provide the light, and there will be no need for the sun or even for lamps. There we’ll reign forever with Christ. This is the ultimate “And they lived happily ever after”!

Go Deeper

Understanding that this question is speculative, what do you think are some of the activities we might do in heaven? (Besides singing, which is clearly shown in Revelation.)

Pray with Us

Father, as we think about a future with You in heaven, help us to be encouraged as we live in the world. When we feel the effects of sin, remind us of the hope of Your glory!

The throne of God and of the Lamb will be in the city.Revelation 22:3

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Read Revelation 21:9–27

My daughter Kristen’s wedding was a wonderful time of celebration. The banquet hall was beautifully decorated. Delicious food was served. As father of the bride, I offered a toast. A gorgeous wedding cake was cut and eaten. My daughter, the bride, had hand-crafted name cards that were also keepsake bookmarks.

It is no wonder that Scripture often compares our union with Christ to the joyous event of a marriage! In Revelation 21, the heavenly New Jerusalem is called the bride of the Lamb (vv. 2, 9–10). Why? Because of the people who live there (v. 27)—believers, the church, already identified as the bride of the Lamb (Rev. 19:7). The citizens of this city, in fact, include all God’s people, showing the unity of Old and New Testament believers.

The New Jerusalem shines with the glory of God (vv. 11–21). It is built of gold and jewels—including the famous “streets of gold”—both valuable and beautiful. It has twelve gates for the twelve tribes of Israel, reminding us that God has kept all His promises and covenants to His people. The city has twelve foundations for the twelve apostles, reminding us of the Lamb’s completed mission of redemption. The measurements show that the city is a perfect cube, as was the Most Holy Place in the Tabernacle and the Temple. Believers will dwell with the Lord inside a giant Most Holy Place!

That’s why no separate temple is needed—the Father and the Son are the temple (vv. 22–27). No light is needed, for the “glory of God gives it light” (v. 23). There will be no darkness, no impurity, no sin. Perfect holiness will reign. The gates will never be shut, for there are no enemies left. There will be perfect well-being and security, that is, shalom (meaning “peace” in Hebrew).

Go Deeper

What do you think it will be like to live in the heavenly New Jerusalem, eternally in God’s presence? We would add “on a daily basis,” but time will be no more!

Pray with Us

One day we will see You face to face! God, fix our eyes on the future hope of perfect union with You. You are worthy to be praised for the great love You have shown to us.

Come, I will show you the bride, the wife of the Lamb.Revelation 21:9

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Read Revelation 21:1–8

The classic allegory, The Pilgrim’s Progress, was written in 1678 by pastor John Bunyan while imprisoned for his faith. The main character, Christian, goes on a journey from the City of Destruction to the Celestial City. He has adventures and experiences along the way, which represent typical events in the Christian life.

At the end of Bunyan’s book, we get a peek at the Celestial City. Similarly, we get a glimpse of the New Jerusalem at the end of the book of Revelation. After the Millennium comes “a new heaven and a new earth,” which we also call the “eternal state” (v. 1). The lack of a sea likely indicates there is now no more sin, death, or rebellion against God. Everything will be made new (v. 5).

At this time, believers will live in heaven, seen here as the heavenly New Jerusalem (vv. 2–4). In this city God will dwell eternally with His people, thus fulfilling the desire of every worshiper’s heart (Psalm 84). There will be no more sorrow, pain, or death, because “the old order of things has passed away.”

The Lamb said to John, “It is done” (vv. 6–8)—reminiscent of His words from the cross, “It is finished” (John 19:30). He’s the Alpha and the Omega, the Beginning and the End. As He was there at Creation, so now He’s there at the end of history and time. There are only two eternal destinies: One is in heaven, with Christ and those who have accepted God’s gift of the water of life (Isa. 55:1; John 4:10; 7:37–38). The other is in hell, the “second death,” with sinners. Why are the “cowardly” on this list? They chose fear over faith. All this encourages believers not only to stand firm and endure but also to spread the good news of the gospel (Matt. 28:19–20).

Go Deeper

Are we genuinely looking forward to God dwelling with us? To what extent do we truly long for His presence in our daily lives and activities?

Pray with Us

Our hearts long for the day when You make all things new, Lord. Until then, strengthen our desire to dwell in Your presence and share the good news with those around us!

The old order of things has passed away.Revelation 21:4

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Read Revelation 20:7–15

“An important aspect of apocalyptic literature,” wrote professor Leland Ryken, “is the final triumph of good and defeat of evil. The battle is not a battle between equals, but this does not minimize the strength of the life-or-death struggle. The power of evil in apocalyptic literature is terrifying and often drives us to temporary despair.” But, Ryken assures us, “the book of Revelation ends with a hero on a white horse who kills a dragon, marries his bride, celebrates the wedding with a feast, and lives happily ever after in a palace glittering with jewels.”

There are a few “loose ends” remaining at the end of the Millennium. One is Satan, the dragon (vv. 7–10). He’s had a thousand years to think it over and can see for himself the results of Christ’s perfect rule. Even so, he’s unchanged and goes out to deceive the nations, to gather them for another “final battle.” Some believers and unbelievers survived the Tribulation. They and their descendants are Satan’s targets. Apparently, some people can choose lies and unbelief, even while living in utopia with glorified believers.

This battle never happens because fire from heaven devours God’s enemies. “Gog and Magog” represent the nations of the world (as in Ezekiel 38–39). Satan is thrown into hell, alongside the beast (Antichrist) and his false prophet, for eternal punishment. This is followed by the Great White Throne judgment (vv. 11–15). The remaining dead are resurrected and brought before the Lamb to determine their eternal destinies. If they are “judged according to what they had done,” they end up in hell because good works cannot save. If their names are in the Lamb’s book of life, they go to heaven. Finally, death itself is thrown into hell, symbolizing its definitive conquest (1 Cor. 15:24–26).

Go Deeper

How can we explain the ongoing stubbornness and rebelliousness of sinners, both in Revelation and in our times? What lessons might we learn for making faith-filled choices?

Pray with Us

Holy God, we know that You are victorious over all evil! Nothing can stop Your righteous judgments. May we hope in this truth and live for You.

I saw a great white throne and him who was seated on it.Revelation 20:11

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Read Revelation 20:1–6

During Christ’s Millennial Kingdom, “the world as we know it with its sin, suffering, death, and the devil will pass away while the paradise of God is restored to this creation and gradually encompasses the globe,” writes seminary professor Michael J. Svigel in The Fathers on the Future. “The world will be transformed and released from its bondage to corruption, not through a natural evolutionary process and not instantly through a divine snap of the finger, but progressively through the co-laboring of humanity—indeed, through the second Adam and the new humanity—as they finally fulfill the imago Dei mission in being fruitful, multiplying, filling the earth, subduing it, and expanding the boundaries of Eden [Gen. 1:28–30].”

Christ’s return marks the end of the Tribulation and the start of the Millennium. This is an earthly utopia with Christ as King. Though some see the thousand years as a symbolic number, it’s mentioned rather often—six times in seven verses!—to be only symbolic. For this period of time, Satan the dragon and “ancient serpent” (v. 2; see also Genesis 3) is bound and imprisoned in the Abyss (vv. 1–3). He will not be allowed to deceive or interfere with this perfect kingdom.

Alongside Christ as King, we as believers will reign with Him (vv. 4–6). Jesus had spoken of this to His disciples (Luke 22:29–30). Our thrones will be “sub-thrones” under His authority. At this point, all dead believers will have been resurrected, including the martyrs of the Tribulation. This is the “first resurrection.” The rest of the dead will not be resurrected until after the Millennium, and these will mostly be unbelievers. The timeless encouragement is that the “second death” (hell) has no power over us as followers of Christ (v. 6)!

Go Deeper

What does your church or denomination believe about the Tribulation and the Millennium? Why do they believe what they believe? How does it compare to the views presented in this devotional?

Pray with Us

O Lord, we await Your kingdom with hearts devoted to You. Shape our view of future events with faith that is expectant of Your goodness and glory.

They…will reign with him for a thousand years.

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Read Revelation 19:11–21

For centuries, believers have been awaiting Christ’s return with great anticipation. “Lift up your hearts! Our King shall come!”—preached Clarence Edward Noble Macartney in a classic sermon—“When the world sky is darkest with clouds of unbelief, behold the glory of the coming of the Lord…you shall hear floating down from heaven the notes of that distant triumph song whose sweet melody shall one day encompass the heavens and the earth.” Today’s reading in Revelation 19 describes Christ’s Second Coming and His victory at Armageddon. The forces of evil have gathered for a final battle. But it’s not much of a battle when the opponent is all-powerful.

Christ the Messiah arrives on a white horse leading the “armies of heaven” (vv. 11–16). Since they’re “dressed in fine linen,” in this case the army is the church (v. 8), including believers raptured prior to the Tribulation. Christ is wearing a golden crown, because He’s the “King of kings and Lord of lords.” Out of His mouth is coming a sword (as in Rev. 1:16). His robe is “dipped in blood,” foreshadowing His victory and fulfilling Old Testament imagery of God as the Divine Warrior (for example, Isa. 42:13). Christ is the One who actually “treads the winepress” (Rev. 14:19) of God’s righteous wrath. The Lamb’s victory is absolute. Both beasts (Revelation 13) are captured and thrown into a “fiery lake of burning sulfur,” that is, hell (vv. 19–20). (What about the dragon? See Rev. 20:7–10.) An angel had invited birds to a grisly feast on the dead bodies of God’s defeated enemies—an ironic contrast with the wedding supper of the Lamb—and indeed the birds “gorged themselves” (vv. 17–18, 21).

Go Deeper

“If God is for us, who can be against us?” (Rom. 8:31). What comfort does today’s passage bring to your heart? As you pray over your troubles, begin with this verse as a reminder of God’s power.

Pray with Us

Jesus, we are in awe of Your power. Please strengthen us with the truth that You are victorious over sin and death. No matter what we face today, we trust that You reign over all.

King of kings and Lord of lords.Revelation 19:16

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Read Revelation 19:1–10

This past summer, we celebrated the marriage of my oldest daughter Kristen. The weather was perfect. The flowers seemed extra colorful. A harpist played superbly. And my daughter was a beautiful bride. God was honored and glorified in the vows being exchanged and in the ceremony as a whole. It was an extraordinary and memorable experience!

Yet, even as a proud father, I have to admit that an even more glorious wedding day is coming. In the larger structure of the book of Revelation, we will see that praise brackets the final judgments. In chapter 15, the Tribulation martyrs give glory to God for what is about to happen—the seven bowls of judgment in chapter 16, and the fall of Babylon in chapters 17–18. In Revelation 19, a “great multitude” gives glory to God for what has happened.

Heaven praises God for His just judgments, including the downfall of Babylon, the “great prostitute” (vv.  1–4). Her persecution of God’s people has been avenged. “The smoke from her goes up for ever and ever”—her destruction is an eternal testimony to God’s power and justice. The 24 elders and four living creatures cry “Amen!”

Next, a call to praise from God’s throne itself is resoundingly answered (vv. 5–8). A great shout, “Our Lord God Almighty reigns,” rings out across heaven. They are rejoicing not only over the end of something ugly but over the imminent arrival of something beautiful: “The wedding of the Lamb has come, and his bride has made herself ready.” Christ is the groom; His bride is His church. The church is dressed in “fine linen, bright and clean.” These are “the righteous acts of God’s holy people” (see Eph. 2:8–10). Those invited to this wedding supper are blessed indeed (v. 9; Isa. 25:6–9; Matt. 22:1–14).

Go Deeper

Is it appropriate to rejoice enthusiastically over the fall of the wicked and God’s just judgment of evil? How can we do so in a God-honoring way?

Pray with Us

We praise You, God, for Your justice! Thank You that one day You will destroy evil and unite us to You. We look forward to that day with longing for Your presence!

Blessed are those who are invited to the wedding supper of the Lamb!Revelation 19:9

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Read Revelation 18

Nebuchadnezzar was the ruler of the Babylonian Empire (Daniel 4). God warned him in a dream about his pride. But one day he praised himself for the splendor of his empire, crediting it all to his own “mighty power” and “the glory of my majesty.” Immediately God took away his reason, and Nebuchadnezzar behaved as an animal for seven years before God restored his sanity. He learned his lesson: “[God] does as he pleases with the powers of heaven and the peoples of the earth…And those who walk in pride he is able to humble.”

In the same spirit, an angel in today’s reading proclaims the fall of Babylon (vv. 1–3). The “maddening wine” of her spiritual adulteries and her “excessive luxuries” have brought about her devastation under God’s just judgment.

Verses 4–8 are an exhortation to believers. We are to “come out of [Babylon].” Her pride and idolatry are her doom. Though she considered herself exempt from consequences, thinking she would “never mourn” (see Isaiah 47), the bottom line is, “mighty is the Lord God who judges her.” The New Testament agrees with this exhortation. For example, Paul wrote, “Do not be yoked together with unbelievers” (2 Cor. 6:14–17).

A threefold woe follows, delivered by Babylon’s former political allies and economic trade partners (vv. 9–19). These woes emphasize the quickness and completeness of her judgment and destruction. For the redeemed, this is cause for rejoicing (v. 20)! Finally, a “mighty angel” casts a boulder into the sea, illustrating the finality of Babylon’s destruction (vv. 21–24). She will never be rebuilt. Interestingly, in the days following Babylon’s conquest of Judah, a messenger of the prophet Jeremiah used a similar object lesson to warn that empire (Jer. 51:63–64).

Go Deeper

“Babylon,” with her decadent clothing, jewelry, and other “excessive luxuries,” highlights the dangers of materialism and greed. How can we be on our guard against these temptations?

Pray with Us

God, we ask You to cast down any idols in our own lives. May we live as followers of You, not followers of this world. Keep our hearts from looking to false gods and instead fix our hearts on You.

Fallen! Fallen is Babylon the Great!Revelation 18:2

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Read Revelation 17

The long history of Babylon stretches back at least to the Tower of Babel (Gen. 11:1–9). Humanity tried to challenge God by building a tower that would reach to heaven. God stepped in and multiplied their languages in order to halt the project. From Babel to the Babylonian Empire and beyond, the name “Babylon” has symbolized power and pride.

The same is true of the woman in today’s reading. She’s the “great city that rules over the kings of the earth” (v. 18). The “many waters” by which she sits symbolize all the peoples of the world (vv. 1, 15). She’s a prostitute, engaged in spiritual adultery (vv. 2–6). She’s sitting on a “scarlet beast” that is the first beast from Revelation 13 (vv. 7–8). The beast is covered with blasphemous names and has seven heads and ten horns. The woman is also wearing luxurious clothes and jewelry and holding a cup filled with the “filth of her adulteries.” She’s “drunk with the blood of God’s holy people.”

An angel explains (vv. 9–14): The seven heads are kings or nations. Five are past, one is present (presumably the Roman Empire), and one is future. The beast is the eighth and of the same sort as the previous seven. The ten horns are also kings or nations, all future. They’re in alliance with the beast, whom we also know as the Antichrist. All these enemies of God are destined for defeat and destruction. “The Lamb will triumph over them.”

As so often happens when evil forces try to cooperate, there will be dissension and conflict (vv. 16–17). The beast and ten horns will hate the woman and will “bring her to ruin.” As they always do, God’s purposes prevail over His enemies’ best efforts.

Go Deeper

“Babylon” seems to represent not only a place but also worldliness in general. What does it mean for us, as followers of Christ, to be in but not of the world (John 15:18–21; 17:14–18)?

Pray with Us

Lord, keep our eyes off the world and on You. We pray for an expectant hope in Your victory over sin and evil. No matter what the future holds, we trust Your plan will prevail!

They will wage war against the Lamb, but the Lamb will triumph over them.Revelation 17:14

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Read Revelation 16

If people in hell were given a second chance, they’d change their minds, right? Wrong. In The Great Divorce by C. S. Lewis, “tourists” from hell are allowed to visit the outskirts of heaven. There, each is met by a friend who tries to convince them to stay, a choice which would require repentance. Nearly all of them reject this opportunity and return to hell.

The hardhearted rebelliousness of sinners is highlighted in Revelation 16, where the final seven bowls of judgment are poured out (v. 1). The first brings nasty sores to all those wearing the mark of the beast (v. 2). The second turns the oceans’ waters to blood (v. 3). All sea life dies. The third does the same to all freshwater rivers and springs (vv. 4–7). This is poetic justice: Given their sinful actions, people deserve to drink blood.

The fourth bowl judgment is environmental disaster, as the sun scorches the earth (vv. 8–9). In the fifth bowl, the very “throne of the beast” is targeted (vv. 10-11). Darkness descends. In the sixth bowl, the Euphrates River dries up and the false trinity gathers its forces, via deceiving demonic spirits, for Armageddon (vv. 12–16).

Verse 15 is a message to believing readers from Christ Himself. We’re exhorted to “stay awake” and be ready. He will return “like a thief,” unexpectedly (1 Thess. 5:2). Jesus gave His followers the same message (Matt. 24:36–44; 25:1–13) and wrote the same to the church at Sardis earlier in the book (Rev. 3:2–3).

With the seventh bowl, the words “It is done!” are pronounced. Natural devastation follows—including an earthquake and hailstones—as well as spiritual devastation, the fall of Babylon. Of course, the survivors will repent now? No. They continue to curse God.

Go Deeper

Why is evil irrational? Throughout all of Scripture, we see that sin hurts the sinner. Why can the wicked not see the harm they bring on themselves?

Pray with Us

Our hearts are grieved for those who turn away from You, Lord. We know sin separates us from You. Open the eyes of the unbelieving so they may find eternal hope in Your love!

You are just in these judgments, O Holy One.Revelation 16:5

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Read Revelation 15

When have you had an especially strong feeling of God’s presence? Perhaps it was when you were out hiking, communing with the Creator. Or perhaps it was at your church, as you raised your voice with others in joyful song. These are the times that spring most quickly to my own mind.

In Revelation 15, the feeling of God’s presence is especially strong as the final round of judgments is about to begin (vv. 1, 8).

Those who have been martyred by the beast (and by the entire false trinity) sing a song of victory (vv. 2–4). Drawn from the Psalms and other Old Testament passages, it is described as “the song of God’s servant Moses and of the Lamb.” This suggests that the song sung in Exodus (Ex. 15:1–21) thematically foreshadowed and is completed in Christ’s redemption. In the song, God is praised for His justice and righteousness. He is the sovereign King, and all nations will come to worship Him.

Next, out of the heavenly temple come seven angels (vv. 5–8). They wear clean linen, symbolizing Christ’s righteousness, and golden sashes, symbolizing His glory. There is no doubt that they are God’s representatives! One of the four living creatures gives each of them a golden bowl. The temple is then filled with the presence and glory of God, so that no one can enter. The same had happened when Moses set up the tabernacle (Ex. 40:34–35) and when Solomon dedicated the Temple (1 Kings 8:10–11). It signified the momentousness of the occasion as well as giving the audience a bit larger glimpse of the glory of God. The stage is set. The end is near. This round of judgments will be the last.

Go Deeper

If you were to write a poem or song to the Lamb about His work in your life and the life of your church or community, what would it say?

Pray with Us

Heavenly Father, Your judgments are righteous. We thank You for Your presence today as we await a future when we are united with You! Today, open our eyes to see how You are with us.

All nations will come and worship before you.Revelation 15:4

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Read Revelation 14

Julia Ward Howe penned “The Battle Hymn of the Republic” during the American Civil War: “Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord; He is trampling out the vintage where the grapes of wrath are stored; He hath loosed the fateful lightning of His terrible swift sword; His truth is marching on. Glory, glory, hallelujah!”

These images are drawn from Revelation 14, which skips ahead in time to give us three “victory scenes.” The first is Christ the Lamb standing on Mount Zion with the 144,000 (vv. 1–5; Rev. 7:1–8). This is His Second Coming and the start of the Millennium (Revelation 20). The 144,000 sing a “new song” that only they know. These dedicated believers are “virgins,” likely symbolic of their spiritual purity in contrast to the spiritual prostitution of those worshiping the beasts and dragon. They are “offered as firstfruits” of the Tribulation believers.

The second scene features three angels making announcements (vv. 6–12). The first proclaims the “eternal gospel” and calls the earth to worship. The second declares the defeat of Babylon (Revelation 17–19). The third pronounces judgment on those worshiping the beasts and dragon. As previously (Rev. 13:10), followers of Christ are to respond with “patient endurance and faithfulness” (v. 12). The blessing in verse 13 was especially comforting for John’s suffering readers: Christians who die are not lost or defeated, but resting from their labors.

The final scene pictures “the harvest of the earth” (vv. 14–20). First, the Son of Man sorts and harvests true believers. Then, angels throw the rest into the “great winepress of God’s wrath.” This image of a final harvest, sorting, and judgment echoes Old Testament language (such as Isa. 63:2–3) and Christ’s own words (see Matt. 13:24–30).

Go Deeper

What comfort can we take from verse 13 regarding the loss of loved ones? How can we grieve over death, but not as those who have no eternal hope (1 Thess. 4:13–14)?

Pray with Us

God, we have hope in You as the resurrected King with whom we will dwell for eternity. As we await Your judgment, help us live in obedience to You and rest in You as our security.

They sang a new song before the throne.Revelation 14:3

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Read Revelation 13:1–10

Pastor Justin Dillehay has pointed out that the beast in Revelation 13 bears a striking resemblance to the beasts in Daniel 7. Daniel saw four different beasts, while John saw only one, but “it reads like a mashup of Daniel’s four.” Since the beasts in Daniel’s dream are explicitly identified as kings or nations (Dan. 7:15–28; 11:36–39), it seems best to interpret the beast in Revelation 13 in a similar way, especially the “ten horns and seven heads” (v. 1).

Though he’s doomed to lose, the enraged dragon (Rev. 12:17) is waging war against God. To do this, he summons a beast from the sea (vv. 1–4). The imagery indicates some combination of demonic forces and human political or military forces. People worship the beast, in part because of an apparently “fatal wound” that had been healed, and they worship the dragon, as the one empowering the beast. The question “Who is like the beast?” echoes biblical language (for example, Ex. 15:11) and is a direct challenge to God’s glory.

This beast, whom we also call the Antichrist, is given temporary authority to speak and act blasphemously and pridefully for 42 months, that is, the second half of the Tribulation (vv. 5–8). God’s people are specially targeted and suffer greatly. For those living at this time, it becomes increasingly apparent that nothing is neutral. There are only two paths to follow, with two very different eternal destinies. One is worship of the beast and the dragon, leading to hell. The other is worship of God and of “the Lamb who was slain from the creation of the world,” leading to heaven.

The proper Christian response is “patient endurance and faithfulness” (vv. 9–10). John quotes Jeremiah 15:2, indicating that God’s plan is inexorable and inevitable. He remains in control during the most difficult of times!

Go Deeper

Who is like the Lord? None! He is beyond compare. In this spirit, pray to God, using Psalm 89 as part of your devotions today.

Pray with Us

Lord, as we reflect on future events, remind us to continue on Your path for us. We long for Your glory and praise above all else. Who can compare with you (Ps. 89:6)?

All inhabitants of the earth will worship the beast—all whose names have not been written in the Lamb’s book of life.Revelation 13:8

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